Prospective Graduate Students / Postdocs
This faculty member is currently not actively recruiting graduate students or Postdoctoral Fellows, but might consider co-supervision together with another faculty member.
Michael Brauer
Professor
Research Classification
Research Interests
air pollution
built environment
Community Health / Public Health
environmental health
environmental epidemiology
environmental health
healthy cities
remote sensing
Relevant Thesis-Based Degree Programs
Affiliations to Research Centres, Institutes & Clusters
Research Methodology
Epidemiology
Exposure Assessment
Geospatial modeling
machine learning
Graduate Student Supervision
Doctoral Student Supervision
Dissertations completed in 2010 or later are listed below. Please note that there is a 6-12 month delay to add the latest dissertations.
Epidemiology and geospatial analysis of built environment determinants of healthy and resilient cities (2022)
Urbanisation and climate change are expected to introduce novel public health, environmental, and sustainability challenges. Epidemiological studies indicate that climate and public health vulnerabilities vary by neighbourhood. However, data at these spatial levels are largely unavailable despite studies demonstrating that geographically aggregated data mask disparities. To address this gap, this dissertation developed and applied high resolution geospatial vulnerability and health indicators across British Columbia (BC), Canada. The first dataset applied principal components analysis to more than 30 measures to map exposures, population sensitivities, adaptive capacities, and overall vulnerabilities of four climate hazards (extreme heat, inland flooding and sea level rise, wildfire smoke, and ground-level ozone) across 4188 dissemination areas in two health regions. A principal components analysis revealed varied opportunities for adaptive capacities across all hazards (16%-47% contribution to variation in overall vulnerability), with the greatest contribution found for flooding (47%). Overall, sensitivity explained the most variance, suggesting strategies targeting age and those with pre-existing health conditions in public health and emergency responses. Building on this result, the second dataset linked mortality data and sociodemographic information in a Bayesian small area model to estimate life expectancy (LE) at birth and 20 causes of mortality over 27 years across 368 Census Tracts (CTs) in Metro Vancouver, BC. The dataset identified spatial LE gaps of more than 10 years that widened in recent years. Absolute inequalities decreased for all diseases except for neoplasms, but relative inequalities increased for all causes. In the final study, difference-in-differences models were applied to the small area mortality data to evaluate relationships with population density and sociodemographic measures to assess optimum density levels, and the effects of density changes over time. At densities above ~9,400 persons per km2, LE began to decrease more rapidly. By cause, densification was linked to decreased mortality for major causes of mortality in the region, such as cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and diabetes. Through these three studies, this dissertation provided evidence for the importance of local-level indicators of health, vulnerability, and built environment variables for future and ongoing surveillance of healthy and resilient cities.
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Multinational modeling of household air pollution (2021)
Cooking with polluting fuels (e.g. wood, coal, dung) generates household air pollution (HAP), which adversely impacts the environment and health of ~3.8 billion individuals worldwide, primarily in low- and middle-income countries. Large-scale household transition from polluting to cleaner cooking fuels (e.g. gas, electricity) is necessary to achieve maximum health benefits. In this dissertation, I address key research questions for understanding facilitators of the clean cooking transition and the health impacts of HAP exposure: (1) What are household, community and national determinants of ‘natural’ cooking fuel switching? (2) How do fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) and black carbon levels from HAP vary by country and primary cooking fuel type on a global scale? (3) Which cooking environment characteristics are predictors of PM₂.₅ measurements on a multinational scale? (4) How accurately can survey data on cooking environment factors predict quantitative PM₂.₅ exposures?I evaluated drivers of ‘natural’ polluting-to-clean primary cooking fuel switching using longitudinal survey data from rural communities within nine countries (Bangladesh, Chile, Colombia, Pakistan, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, China, India) from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) cohort study. Community-level (e.g. travel time to closest densely populated area, population density) factors were most strongly associated with polluting-to-clean fuel switching, and the degree of association of socioeconomic factors (e.g. education, income) with primary cooking fuel switching varied by country (highest in India, lowest in China). To quantify potential health benefits associated with a global transition to cleaner cooking fuels, I measured and modeled multinational variation in PM₂.₅ exposures. The models revealed that average PM₂.₅ concentrations at PURE baseline varied four-fold among primary cooking fuel types, ranging from 47 ug/m³ (95%CI:[47,47]) (gas) to 204 ug/m³ (95%CI:[195,213]) (animal dung). Modeled average male PM₂.₅ exposures were higher than female exposures among households primarily cooking with gas and charcoal, and across all primary fuel types in Chile, Colombia and India. Only 4% of average PM₂.₅ kitchen concentrations at PURE baseline were below the WHO Interim-1 Target (35 ug/m³); 87% of these households used cleaner primary cooking fuels (gas:85%; electricity:2%). This dissertation presents quantitative exposure estimates to be used globally for policy and disease burden assessments.
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Assessing sub-daily exposure to wildfire smoke and its public health effects in British Columbia (2019)
Global climate change has created new public health issues, and evidence-based policies are needed for mitigating the health impacts. The increasing frequency and intensity of wildfires is one of the pressing concerns in Canada and globally. Epidemiological studies have found that daily average exposure to wildfire smoke is associated with a wide range of cardiopulmonary conditions. However, few studies have looked at the health effects of sub-daily exposures measured in hours, and little is known about the lag-response relationship at such temporal scales. Sub-daily impacts are highly relevant for public health response, especially for smoke episodes of limited duration. To address these knowledge gaps, this dissertation presents a machine learning approach to identify variables relevant to the vertical distribution of smoke in the atmosphere, which can improve the application of remote sensing data for population exposure assessment. Relevant variables included fire activity in the vicinity, geographic location of the smoke, and meteorological conditions. These variables were next combined with data from air quality monitors and ecological information, to develop an empirical model for estimating 1-hour average population exposure to fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) during wildfire seasons from 2010 to 2015 in British Columbia, Canada, at a 5 km² resolution. Compared with observations, model predictions had a correlation of 0.93, root mean squared error of 3.2 μg/m³, mean fractional bias of 15.1%, and mean fractional error of 44.7%. The model estimates were then linked to ambulance dispatches, paramedic assessments, and subsequent hospital admissions. Increased PM₂.₅ was associated with increased dispatches for respiratory and cardiovascular reasons within one hour following exposure, and for diabetic reasons within the first 24-hour period. Each 10 μg/m³ increase in PM₂.₅ was associated with an increase in the cumulative odds over 48 hours of up to 10%, 20% and 10% for respiratory, cardiovascular, and diabetes calls, respectively. These results support further investigation into the health effects of sub-daily exposures and suggest that air quality standards and public health actions during wildfire smoke events should be based on the hourly time scale. Public health agencies and the general public should act promptly to reduce exposure when affected by wildfire smoke.
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Connecting natural space exposure to mental health outcomes across Vancouver, Canada (2019)
In an increasingly urbanized world, identifying evidence-based strategies to guide the design and maintenance of healthy cities is an essential public health function. Two pressing urban health concerns are high rates of mental disorders and low levels of social connection. Epidemiological studies indicate that access to natural space – either greenspace, such as parks and street trees, or bluespace, such as oceans and lakes – may strengthen social connections and improve mental health. However, gaps remain regarding effects of specific forms of nature, their impacts on objective measures of mental health, and pathways by which any benefits occur. To address these gaps, this dissertation developed and applied a robust model of the presence, form, accessibility, and quality of greenspace and bluespace across the Vancouver, Canada region. This Natural Space Index (NSI) included more than 50 measures at 100-to-1,600-meter buffers for 60,000-plus six-digit postal codes. Analyses based on residential addresses highlighted the extent to which distinct measures result in different assessments, particularly in comparison with standard metrics of surrounding greenness such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health, the percentage of publicly accessible neighborhood nature within 500m had indirect mental health benefits via increased neighborhood social cohesion: each 1% increase was associated with 3-5% increases in reporting higher levels of social cohesion. In turn, individuals with the highest social cohesion had an 86% decrease in the odds of major depressive disorder, a 91% decrease in negative mental health, and a 2.8-point reduction in psychological distress (on a 0-40 scale). When the same question was approached using data on prescriptions related to mental illness, a 0.1-point increase in 250-meter surrounding greenness was linked to a 2% decrease in total psychotropic prescription dispensation and a 3% decrease in antidepressant prescription dispensation. The presence of ten additional street trees within 100m was associated with a 4% reduction in total psychotropic prescriptions. Although many NSI measures showed no association with mental health outcomes, the indirect and direct effects identified by this thesis support calls for expanding equitable access to natural space as part of a broader healthy-city strategy.
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Health, climate, and time-use impacts from a carbon-financed cookstove intervention in rural India (2017)
Efforts to introduce efficient stoves and cleaner fuels increasingly leverage carbon-finance to scale up dissemination, highlighting climate, health, and livelihood co-benefits. However, actualization of co-benefits has not been evaluated. Two studies were implemented in Karnataka, India where a local organization initiated a Clean Development Mechanism-approved cookstove intervention. A one-year randomized intervention study assigned 187 households in a village to either receive the intervention or continue using traditional stoves, and evaluated fuelwood usage, indoor fine particle mass (PM₂.₅) and absorbance (Abs) levels, and blood pressure (BP) in women ≥ 25 years old (N=222). Forty percent of intervention homes continued using traditional stoves in combination with the intervention stove ("mixed stove"). There were minor and overlapping differences (post- minus pre-intervention change) between control and intervention groups for median (95% CI) fuel use [-0.60 (-1.02, -0.22) vs. -0.52 (-1.07, 0.00) kg day-¹], and 24-hr absorbance [35 (18, 60) vs. 36 (22, 50) x 10-⁶ m-¹]. For 24-hr PM₂.₅ difference, there was a higher increase in control compared to intervention homes [139 (61,229) vs. 73(-6, 156) μg m-³] between the two seasons. The intervention cookstoves partially mitigated the seasonal increase in PM₂.₅ concentrations but resulted in measurements with a higher ratio of absorbance to PM₂.₅ mass compared to traditional stoves.Exclusive use of intervention stove was not associated with significant changes in systolic or diastolic BP. Mixed stove homes were associated with higher SBP in both within-group (post-pre: 4.1 [(95% confidence interval), 0.4, 7.8] mm Hg) and between-group (9.5 [3.7, 15.3]) mm Hg analyses. In a cross-sectional, mixed-method study of households (N=50) in another village, time spent cooking and collecting fuelwood was similar between intervention and traditional stove homes. Women reported using saved time for farm work, household work, and leisure (e.g. rest, spend time with family). Self-reported time spent cooking and collecting fuelwood was overestimated compared to the observed measured time.Absent rigorous evaluations, stove interventions may be pursued that fail to realize expected carbon reductions or anticipated co-benefits. Carbon financing can help move populations in low-income countries towards cleaner cookstoves by supporting field-proven technologies, and aligning with emerging health and climate guidelines.
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Childhood asthma and allergies in birth cohort studies: tools for environmental exposure assessment (2015)
Pediatric asthma and allergies represent global health problems causing substantial disability. Epidemiological research has established a link between air pollution and exacerbation of asthma. However, the role of air pollutants in relation to atopy and on the development of asthma is unclear.This thesis examines the relationship between traffic-related air pollution and the development of atopy and asthma using two complementary Canadian birth cohorts where the impact of different exposure assessment approaches on observed associations was evaluated. Hopanes in house dust, collected in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort study, were evaluated as markers of indoor infiltrated traffic-related air pollution by measuring their correlation with geographic predictors of outdoor concentrations of nitrogen dioxide. This correlation was dependent on the inclusion of behavioral characteristics, hindering the utility of measuring hopanes in settled dust for exposure assessment. As an alternative approach to assess exposures in CHILD, city-specific land use regression models, questionnaires and home assessments were used to model personal exposure, including accounting for indoor/outdoor infiltration and time-activity patterns, in relation to early atopy. Spatio-temporally adjusted exposure in the first year of life was positively associated with sensitization to common food or inhalant allergens at age 1 (Odds ratio [95% confidence interval] per interquartile increase in nitrogen dioxide = 1.16 [1.00 – 1.41]). Because atopy is often a precursor for allergic asthma, 10 years of longitudinal data from the Border Air Quality Study population-based birth cohort were used to evaluate the role of air pollution on asthma development. An interquartile range increase in nitrogen dioxide, adjusted for temporal and spatial variability, increased incident asthma among preschool (age 0-5) children by 9% (95% confidence interval: 4 – 13%). Surrounding residential greenness mitigated this effect. In further analysis, the course of asthma was found to follow three trajectories: transient asthma, early-, and late-infancy chronic asthma, the latter two being significantly associated with fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide. This dissertation highlights the importance of integrating temporal and spatial variation in traffic-related air pollution exposure assessment and clarifies the role of early exposures on atopy and asthma initiation.
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Childhood allergic rhinitis: the role of the environment and genetics (2014)
Allergic rhinitis is a global health problem that causes major illness and disability. Inherited and environmental factors influence its development. This thesis examined the role of traffic-related air pollution, genetic variants and their potential interactions, on childhood allergic rhinitis. Global spatial associations with climatic factors known to influence aeroallergen distributions were also studied. Data from two Canadian (CAPPS and SAGE) and four European birth cohorts (BAMSE, GINIplus, LISAplus and PIAMA) participating in the Traffic, Asthma and Genetics collaboration were pooled. No consistent associations between individual-level traffic-related air pollutants (NO2, PM2.5 mass, PM2.5 absorbance and ozone) estimated to the home address and childhood allergic rhinitis were observed in a longitudinal analysis (up to ten years) of two cohorts (GINIplus and LISAplus; N=6,604) and a pooled analysis of all six cohorts (N=15,299). These latter null associations were not modified by ten tested single nucleotide polymorphisms in the GSTP1, TNF, TLR2 and TLR4 genes. Although these results do not support an adverse role of traffic-related air pollution on childhood allergic rhinitis, much remains to be learned regarding for whom, when and how air pollution may impact disease.In further analyses, genetic variants in the TNF and TLR4 genes and at the 17q21 gene locus were found to be associated with childhood allergic rhinitis in pooled analyses of the six cohorts. As genetic variability in these regions has also been linked to asthma, the observed associations support the hypothesis of shared genetic susceptibility between asthma and allergic rhinitis. These results may be important for public health given the large proportion of the population carrying the studied risk variants.Lastly, using cross-sectional data from 6-7 and 13-14 year-olds participating in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, several ecological spatial associations between climatic factors (temperature, precipitation and vapour pressure) and intermittent and persistent rhinitis symptom prevalences were identified. Although not conclusive, these results represent a first step in investigating how climate change may affect rhinitis symptom prevalence.Collectively, this dissertation contributes to our understanding of the effects of air pollution, genetic variability and climate on childhood allergic rhinitis.
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A spacial assessment of environmental risk factors for lung cancer in Canada: The role of air pollution, radon and neighborhood socioeconomic status (2013)
In this dissertation I examined whether three exposures associated with the physical and social residential environment − specifically, ambient air pollution, radon and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) − are risk factors for the development of lung cancer in Canada. Throughout this dissertation I used the National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System (NECSS), a large population-based case-control study conducted in eight Canadian provinces, including 3,280 incident lung cancer cases and 5,073 population controls. In the first section of this dissertation, I developed methods to estimate ambient air pollution, both nationally and retrospectively, and applied these to 20 years of residential histories in the NECSS study. Epidemiological analyses showed that the odds of lung cancer incidence associated with a 10-unit increase in PM₂.₅ (µg/m³), NO₂ (ppb) and O₃ (ppb) were 1.29 (95% CI = 0.95-1.76), 1.11 (1.00-1.24), and 1.09 (0.85-1.39) respectively, indicating that ambient air pollution exposure is associated with lung cancer development in Canada. In the second section, I used maps of radon concentration and potential in combination with the NECSS residential histories to estimate ecological radon exposures. A 50 Bq/m³ increase in average health region radon concentration was associated with a 7% (-6-21%) increase in the odds of lung cancer and for every 10 years that individuals lived in high radon potential zones, the odds of lung cancer increased by 11% (1-23%). This study also indicated that risk mapping may be used to target population health prevention efforts for radon. In the third section, I developed methods to estimate long-term exposure to neighborhood SES and applied these to the residential histories of the NECSS study. The odds of lung cancer cases residing in the most versus least deprived long-term neighborhood SES quintiles were significantly elevated and in the city sub-analysis remained significant (OR: 1.38 (1.01-1.88)) after adjusting for smoking and other lung cancer risk factors. Smoking behavior was the predominant partial-mediating pathway of the neighborhood effect. Collectively, this dissertation contributes to the methodological literature on spatial exposure assessment and spatial epidemiology, as well as to the etiological evidence linking air pollution, radon and neighborhood SES to lung cancer risk.
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Traffic-related air pollution, community noise, and coronary heart disease (2012)
No abstract available.
Exposure to residential air pollution and physician diagnosis of otitis media during the first two years of life in British Columbia, Canada (2010)
No abstract available.
Spatial assessment of forest fire smoke exposure and its health impacts in Southeastern British Columbia during the summer of 2003 (2009)
Forest fires are a significant source of episodic air pollution resulting in elevated ambient concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM). Although PM from fossil fuel combustion has been conclusively associated with respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, the health effects of fire-related PM are not clearly understood. Air quality monitoring is sparse in many fire-affected areas, so it is challenging to apply epidemiologic methods that require individual-level exposure assessment. Data from dispersion models and remote sensors are spatially extensive and may provide viable exposure estimation alternatives. Firestorms across southeastern British Columbia during the summer of 2003 produced a unique opportunity to compare rigorous epidemiologic results based on new exposure assessment methods to those based on air quality monitoring data. A population-based cohort of ~280 000 subjects was identified from administrative health data and three daily smoke exposure estimates were assigned for each individual according to residential location: TEOM averaged PM concentrations measured by the nearest of six air quality monitors; SMOKE indicated the presence of a plume over the area in satellite imagery; and CALPUFF averaged PM concentrations estimated by a dispersion model. The latter was initialized and run for this project using remote sensing data to simplify the model as much as possible. For example, emissions were calculated with the radiative power of satellite-detected fires and were comparable to those estimated by much more complex methods. Overall performance of the model was moderate when evaluated using PM measurements, satellite imagery and atmospheric aerosol measurements. Longitudinal logistic regression was used to examine the independent effects of each exposure over the 92-day study period. Respiratory outcomes were associated with smoke-related PM, but no cardiovascular effects were detected. While odds ratios for the TEOM metric were consistent with other reports, those for the CALPUFF metric were biased towards the null. Results for SMOKE tracked with those for TEOM, but with much wider confidence intervals. This study (1) highlights the potential of new smoke exposure assessment methods, (2) demonstrates that plume dispersion models can be simplified with remote sensing data, and (3) confirms the respiratory health effects of forest fire smoke.
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Master's Student Supervision
Theses completed in 2010 or later are listed below. Please note that there is a 6-12 month delay to add the latest theses.
A case-crossover investigation of associations between extreme heat and pediatric health (2023)
BACKGROUND: Globally, climates are changing causing more frequent and severe extreme heat events (EHEs). In Canada, annual EHE frequency is anticipated to double in just the next 3 decades. A large body of literature links EHEs to multiple health endpoints, including heatstroke and exacerbating medical conditions. However, there remains a paucity of knowledge concerning the specific health outcomes associated with heat in children. Compared to adults, children have higher surface area to mass ratios, lower sweating capacity, higher temperature at which sweating begins, lower cardiac output, and lower blood volume. They are also believed to be more vulnerable to EHEs due to external factors including activity patterns and dependence on caregivers.METHODS: This space-time stratified case-crossover analysis of Ontario’s 2005-2015 emergency healthcare data applied conditional quasi-Poisson regression to assess associations between FSA-level EHE exposure with primary causes of pediatric emergency hospital admissions and emergency department (ED) visits.RESULTS: Positive associations were found both for pediatric hospital admissions and ED visits for primary causes of asthma; general heat-related illness, heatstroke; and lower respiratory infections. General injuries and transportation related injuries were negatively associated with both pediatric hospital admissions and ED visits. EHEs increased risk of pediatric hospital admissions for causes of general respiratory illnesses by 26% (CI:14%-40%), asthma by 29% (CI:16%-44%); general infectious and parasitic diseases by 36% (CI:24%-50%), lower respiratory infections by 50% (CI:36%-67%), and enteritis by 19% (CI:7%-32%). EHEs also increased risk of ED visits for asthma by 18% (CI:7%-29%) and lower respiratory infections by 10% (CI:0%-21%).All-cause hospital admissions and ED visits were not associated with EHEs. However, in stratified analyses all-cause hospital admissions were positively associated with EHEs for children 13-18 and males, and all-cause ED visits were negatively associated with EHEs among children 5-12.CONCLUSION: EHEs elevate risk of pediatric emergency healthcare utilization for respiratory illnesses, asthma; infectious and parasitic diseases, lower respiratory infections, and enteritis in Ontario. It is imperative that policies and programs be tailored to reflect the specific heat related vulnerabilities of children to respiratory and infections illnesses in face of a rapidly warming climate.
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15-minute city: access to essential services in Metro Vancouver (2022)
This study quantified access to six essential services using the “15-Minute City” concept and the measure of cumulative opportunity in Metro Vancouver. “15-Minute Cities” are suggested to promote multiple health-focused goals such as health equity, active transportation, and sustainable development to improve the well-being of the population. Locations of 3357 Dissemination Area (DA) population-weighted centroids (origins) and healthcare facilities, education centres, greenspace, grocery stores, community centres and public transit stops (destinations) were identified using multiple open data sources. Accessibility was determined by the walking time between each origin-destination pair using a transportation routing engine with two different walking speeds representing people of different ages. Access was then evaluated by population density, municipality, age and a measure of situational deprivation as a proxy for socioeconomic status. Only 22% of DAs in Metro Vancouver had access to all six essential services and were considered “15-Minute City” neighbourhoods in this analysis. These DAs had higher population density, a lower proportion of populations between ages 0 to 14, and the highest proportion in the least situationally deprived category. Greenspace and community centres were the most (99%) and least accessible (36%) essential services within 15 minutes of walking, respectively. This study highlighted access inequity to essential services across Metro Vancouver based on socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. The “15-Minute City” was an innovative framework that was used to quantify disparities in access. This framework can inform decision making and improve resource allocation to support sustainable development in Metro Vancouver of more complete and walkable neighbourhoods.
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Evaluation and application of prototype air quality monitors for household air pollution exposure assessment (2018)
Household air pollution (HAP) from burning of low-quality fuels is a significant contributor to global burden of disease, particularly in low- and middle- income countries. Epidemiological studies of HAP have been hampered in their ability to collect quantitative exposure measurements from a lack of affordable, durable and easily usable air quality monitors. New devices offer potential to overcome these obstacles but must be tested in real world conditions before deployment. This study’s goal was to evaluate the performance of three prototype monitors compared to two reference monitors and their applicability for use in a prospective cohort epidemiologic study. Prototype monitors tested included a filter-based monitor, and two particle counters. Simple linear regression models of HAP exposure were constructed using questionnaires and observational data.55 households were recruited for HAP monitoring in two villages in India in 2015. Monitors were placed in the household kitchens for 24- and 48-hour sample periods. Male and female household residents were recruited for personal fine particle (PM₂.₅) exposure monitoring using the filter-based prototype monitor. All filter samples were analyzed for PM₂.₅ mass concentrations and particle light absorbance. Successful filter samples collected with the V1.0 Ultrasonic Personal Aerosol Sampler (UPAS, Access Sensor Technologies, Fort Collins, CO), were obtained in 81% of homes with successful reference measurements. Fewer successful samples were collected with prototype particle counters, (43% and 75%). Personal monitoring with the UPAS succeeded in 54% of attempts. There was a high level of agreement between prototype filter and reference monitor (R² = 0.85 and slope = 0.98 for PM₂.₅ and R² = 0.88 with slope = 1.63 for absorbance). Neither prototype particle counter performed well enough for subsequent analyses. The best performing models of HAP exposure were for individual communities with a broad pool of predictors; including multiple types and amounts of fuels and cooking times, versus models combining communities with a narrower set of predictors. Using a broader variable pool improved adjusted R² values by as much as 0.35.Recommendations were made for improvements for the UPAS sampler. An updated (V2.0) UPAS sampler was selected by the PURE AIR study of HAP.
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Monitoring residential woodsmoke in British Columbia communities. (2018)
Wood burning is a common home heating method in many communities in British Columbia and an important source of fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) air pollution. During winter months communities impacted by residential woodsmoke experience high concentrations of PM₂.₅, at levels that have been associated with a wide range of health effects. Characterising levels of woodsmoke within and between communities can support air quality management and reduction of exposures. This project tested novel methods to measure the relative levels and spatial variability of residential woodsmoke PM2.5 using fixed and mobile optical instruments. The methods were applied during the winter heating season (January 5th to March 2nd, 2017) across three communities identified to be impacted by residential woodsmoke from fixed-site monitoring data, and three paired communities without routine monitoring.Continuous monitoring was performed for two weeks at fixed monitoring stations in each monitored community to compare the optical instruments with established methods used to measure PM₂.₅ and woodsmoke. This was combined with nightly mobile monitoring using the same optical instruments, alternating between driving routes around the paired monitored and unmonitored communities to create detailed maps describing woodsmoke levels and variability.The nephelometer (Bsp) and aethalometer (delta C) tested at the fixed-site were strongly correlated with conventional methods of measuring PM₂.₅ (beta attenuation monitor and filter-based) and woodsmoke (levoglucosan). Comparisons between the instruments during mobile monitoring clearly identified times and areas where woodsmoke was dominating PM₂.₅ concentrations.Mobile monitoring indicated considerable spatial variation across all communities and identified hotspot areas with consistently elevated concentrations of both PM₂.₅ and woodsmoke. The spatial variance of PM₂.₅ concentrations was significantly greater than the temporal variance during 71% of the runs, demonstrating the importance of understanding spatial variability when monitoring the air quality impacts of woodsmoke. Strong woodsmoke impacts were found in each community. In general, the unmonitored communities had PM₂.₅ concentrations that were similar to or higher than their partnered monitored communities, despite having smaller sizes and populations.The development of this approach allows for detailed and cost-effective characterisation of woodsmoke in monitored and unmonitored communities, which could inform source control efforts in many Canadian communities.
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A spatial and temporal analysis of neighborhood air quality in downtown Vancouver (2017)
Rapid urban densification and an enhanced understanding of the health consequences of intra-urban air pollution exposure variability has led to a need for accurate estimation of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposures, including temporal and spatial variability. To address this goal, a wireless real-time air pollution monitor was evaluated and the effect of street canyon geometry on TRAP levels was assessed. The AQMesh wireless monitor (with sensors for CO, NO, NO₂, O₃ and SO₂)—was evaluated in a co-location study with regulatory air quality monitoring stations in London, England and Vancouver, Canada. The amount of variability (R²) explained by AQMesh sensors (algorithm version 3.0) ranged from 0.02% to 34.5% in Vancouver and 1.5% to 82.3% in London. Sensors for NO₂ and O₃ displayed the highest accuracy while the CO sensor accuracy was much weaker. AQMesh, as examined in this co-location, was not sufficiently robust for use in regulatory applications. A simple GIS-based model for the identification of potential street canyons where TRAP levels may be elevated was created using 3D building information, aspect ratio and the prevailing wind direction. The model was evaluated in a mobile monitoring campaign in which particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) and particle number concentration (PNC) were measured along 4 road segments: canyon high traffic (C HT), canyon low traffic (C LT), non-canyon high-traffic (NC HT) and non-canyon low traffic (NC LT). A linear mixed effects model found the effect estimates for C LT (i.e. the effect of canyon) to be 8% higher for PM2.5 and 17% higher for PNC when compared to the reference road segment category, NC LT. In comparison, the effect estimates for NC HT (i.e. the effect of traffic) was 16% higher for PM2.5 and 34% higher for PNC when compared to NC LT. This research suggests that the impact of traffic may be greater than the impact of street canyons in determining TRAP exposures.
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Land Use Regression Modelling of NO2, NO, PM2.5 and Black Carbon in Hong Kong (2016)
Land use regression (LUR) modelling is a common method for estimating pollutant concentrations. This project created two-dimensional LUR models for nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), nitric oxide (NO), fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅), and black carbon (BC) for Hong Kong, a prototypical high-density high-rise city. Two sampling campaigns (April-May and November-January) were carried out in Hong Kong. Measurements of NO₂ and NO (2-3-week averaged) and PM₂.₅ and BC (24-hour averaged) were adjusted for instrument bias and temporal variation, and offered to multiple linear regression models along with 365 potential geospatial predictor variables. Variables were created from a number of geospatial metrics including land use and traffic variables (road length, average annual daily traffic [AADT], traffic loading [AADT * road length]). Measurement averaged across both campaigns were: a) NO₂ (M = 106 μg/m³, SD = 38.5, N = 95), b) NO (M = 147 μg/m³, SD = 88.9, N = 40), c) PM₂.₅ (M = 35 μg/m³, SD = 6.3, N = 64), and BC (M = 10.6 μg/m³, SD = 5.3, N = 76). Thirty-six LUR models were created (4 pollutants * 3 combined and separate sampling campaigns * 3 traffic variable type). The annual (combined values from both campaigns) road length models were selected as preferred models based on data reliability and overall model fit. Road length, car park density, and land use types were commonly selected predictors in the final preferred models. The preferred models had the following parameters: a) NO₂ (R² = 0.46, RMSE = 28 μg/m³) b) NO (R² = 0.50, RMSE = 62 μg/m³), c) PM₂.₅ (R² = 0.59; RMSE = 4 μg/m³), and d) BC (R² = 0.50, RMSE = 4 μg/m³). NO₂ predictions were strongly influenced by traffic and higher around Kowloon and northern Hong Kong Island. PM₂.₅ predictions had a strong northwest (high) to southeast (low) gradient. BC had a similar gradient and high predictions around the port. This matched with existing literature of spatial variation and sources in Hong Kong. Spatial patterns varied by pollutant. The success of this modelling suggests LUR modelling is appropriate in high-density high-rise cities.
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Air Pollution Exposure and Subclinical Health Impacts in Commuter Cyclists (2014)
Background: Cycling is a form of active transportation, resulting in health benefits via increased physical activity. Less is known of traffic-related air pollution exposures and the resulting physiological responses experienced by urban commuter cyclists. The aim of this study was to measure systemic inflammation and lung function changes amongst cyclists by comparing responses between high and low- air pollution routes. Methods: Male and female participants (n = 38) rode an instrumented bicycle for approximately 1- hour along a Residential and a Downtown designated bicycle route in a randomized crossover trial during the summer and fall of 2010 and 2011. Heart rate, power output, location and particulate matter air pollution (PM₁₀, ₂₅, and ₁ and particle number concentration [PNC]) were measured at 6- second intervals during trials. Endothelial function [RHI], lung function, and blood measurements of C-reactive protein [CRP], Interleukin-6 [IL-6], and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG] were assessed within one hour pre- and post-trial. A subset of 23 participants each completed a post-ride cycle ergometer minute ventilation (V̇E) measurement to estimate air pollution intake, based on heart rate measurements. Results: Geometric mean (GM) PNC exposures and intakes were higher along the Downtown (GM exposure = 16 226 particles/cm³; intake = 4.54 x 10¹⁰ particles) compared to the Residential route (GM exposure = 10 011 particles/cm³; intake = 3.13 x 10¹⁰ particles). The mean V̇E cycling: rest ratio was 3.0. In linear mixed-effect regression models, post-cycling RHI was 22% lower following the Downtown route compared to the Residential route (RHI of -0.38, 95% CI of -0.75 to -0.02), but this was not associated with exposure or intake of measured air pollutants. IL-6 and 8-OHdG levels increased after cycling trials along the Downtown route, but no significant association was found with PNC exposure or intake in mixed effect models. Conclusions: Although air pollution exposures and intakes were higher along the Downtown route and RHI was significantly decreased following trials on this route, this decrease was not associated with air pollution exposure or intake. This suggests other drivers of systemic inflammation related to cycling on the Downtown route may have been responsible for the observed association.
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Assessing the impacts of traffic-related and woodsmoke particulate matter on subclincal measures of cardiovascular health: A HEPA filter intervention study (2014)
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) plays an important role in the link between air pollution and a range of health effects including respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The specific sources of PM2.5 responsible for these effects have not been definitively identified. With traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and woodsmoke (WS) as two of the major contributors to ambient PM2.5 concentrations, this study was the first to investigate the difference in health outcomes between these two sources. The purpose of this study was to compare cardiovascular exposure-response relationships for TRAP and WS and to evaluate the impact of HEPA filtration on indoor TRAP and WS PM₂.₅ levels. In this single-blind randomized crossover study, 83 healthy adults (54 living in high TRAP and 29 living in high WS areas) between the ages of 19 and 72 living in Metro Vancouver were recruited. Areas with high TRAP or high WS were identified using previously developed spatial models and subjects were recruited by letters sent to households in these areas. Sampling was conducted over two consecutive one-week periods, one with filtration and one with no filtration. Two filtration devices were used, one in the main living room and one in main bedroom. Endothelial function was measured at the end of each week and blood was drawn at baseline and at the end of each week. Mixed effect models were used to investigate the relationship between exposure and outcome variables.Overall, HEPA filtration was associated with a 40% decrease in indoor PM₂.₅ concentrations. There was inconclusive evidence on the potential relationship between TRAP or WS PM₂.₅ exposure and endothelial function. However, there was some suggestion of an association between PM₂.₅ exposure and CRP specifically among male participants in high-TRAP locations (20.6% increase in CRP levels per unit median increase in PM₂.₅, 95% CI, 2.62% – 41.7%). There was no association between any exposure indicators and IL-6 or BCC. In summary, the results support the hypothesis that HEPA filtration can be effective in reducing indoor PM₂.₅ concentrations with some support for the a priori hypothesis of a greater impact on markers of inflammation in areas of high TRAP.
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Evaluation of the BlueSky smoke forecasting system and its utility for public health protection in British Columbia (2013)
Wildfire smoke is a major contributor to extreme particulate matter (PM) air pollution events and has been associated with respiratory and cardiovascular health effects. With climate change, more frequent and intense wildfires are expected in the future and their impact on public health will likely increase. The existing exposure assessment tools such as the monitoring network and remote sensing platforms have limitations for measuring wildfire smoke, including inadequate coverage and measuring total column instead of ground-level concentrations. From the public health perspective, a system that can supplement these tools and predict smoke concentrations will be valuable. The Western Canada BlueSky Smoke Forecasting System, which can predict PM₂.₅ (PM
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A Land Use Regression Model for Ultrafine Particles in Vancouver, Canada (2012)
Background and Aims:Epidemiologic studies have associated adverse health outcomes with exposure to traffic-related air pollutants, principally NO₂, at levels below those showing effects in controlled exposure studies. This suggests the importance of related outdoor air contaminants, such as ultrafine particles (UFP) (
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Assessment of the temporal stability of land use regression models for traffic-related air pollution (2012)
Background: Land-use regression (LUR) modeling is a cost-effective approach for assessing intra-urban air pollution contrasts. It has been widely used to estimate long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution in epidemiologic studies. The application was based on the assumption that spatial patterns of pollution are stable over time so that a model developed for a particular time point could be applied to other time points. However, this assumption has not been adequately examined. This has specific relevance to cohort studies where models are developed in one particular year and then retrospectively or prospectively applied over periods of ~10 other years. Methods: Metro Vancouver LUR models for annual average NO and NO₂ were developed in 2003, based on 116 measurements. In 2010, we repeated these measurements; 73 were made at the same location as in 2003, while the remaining 43 sites were within ~50 m. We then developed new models using updated data for the same predictor variables, and also explored additional variables. The temporal stability of LUR models over a 7-year period was evaluated by comparing model predictions and measured spatial contrasts between 2003 and 2010. Results: Annual average NO and NO₂ concentrations decreased from 2003 to 2010. From the 73 sites that were identical between 2003 and 2010, the correlation between NO 2003 and 2010 measurements was r = 0.87 with a mean (sd) decrease of 11.3 (9.9) ppb, and between NO₂ measurements was r = 0.74 with a mean (sd) decrease of 2.4 (3.2) ppb. 2003 and 2010 LUR models explained similar amounts of spatial variation (R² difference of 0.01 to 0.11). The 2003 models explained more variability in 2010 measurements (R²= 0.52 – 0.65) than 2010 models did for 2003 measurements (R²= 0.38 – 0.55). Conclusions: Forecasting will be more appropriate than back-casting in the case of Metro Vancouver where concentrations and their variability decreased over time. Back-casting explains nearly the same amount of variability (R²= 0.38 – 0.55) in measured concentrations as did the original model (R² = 0.52 – 0.58). These results support the validity of applying LUR models to cohort studies over periods as long as 7 years.
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News Releases
This list shows a selection of news releases by UBC Media Relations over the last 5 years.
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UBC experts on heat and wildfires (29 Jul 2021)
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UBC experts on wildfire smoke and air quality (09 Jul 2021)
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UBC experts on heat wave (22 Jun 2021)
Publications
- A Deep Learning Approach for Meter-Scale Air Quality Estimation in Urban Environments Using Very High-Spatial-Resolution Satellite Imagery (2022)
Atmosphere, - Assessing Trade-Offs and Optimal Ranges of Density for Life Expectancy and 12 Causes of Mortality in Metro Vancouver, Canada, 1990–2016 (2022)
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (5), 2900 - Protecting Cardiovascular Health From Wildfire Smoke (2022)
Circulation, - What You See Is What You Breathe? Estimating Air Pollution Spatial Variation Using Street-Level Imagery (2022)
Remote Sensing, - Air Inequality: Global Divergence in Urban Fine Particulate Matter Trends (2021)
- Enhancing the Evaluation and Interpretability of Data-Driven Air Quality Models (2021)
Atmospheric Environment, 246 - Exploration of the Global Burden of Dementia Attributable to PM2.5: What Do We Know Based on Current Evidence? (2021)
GeoHealth, - Health and economic impact of air pollution in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2021)
The Lancet Planetary Health, 5 (1), e25-e38 - Long-term trends in urban NO2 concentrations and associated pediatric asthma cases: estimates from global datasets (2021)
- Monthly Global Estimates of Fine Particulate Matter and Their Uncertainty (2021)
Environmental Science & Technology, - Remote sensing metrics to assess exposure to residential greenness in epidemiological studies: A population case study from the Eastern Mediterranean (2021)
Environment International, 146 - Taking a Stand Against Air Pollution—The Impact on Cardiovascular Disease (2021)
Circulation, 143 (14) - The Benefits of Intensive Versus Standard Blood Pressure Treatment According to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution Exposure (2021)
Hypertension, 77 (3), 813--822 - A global anthropogenic emission inventory of atmospheric pollutants from sector- and fuel-specific sources (1970–2017): an application of the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) (2020)
Earth System Science Data, - Adverse health impacts of cooking with kerosene: A multi-country analysis within the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Study (2020)
Environmental Research, 188 - Air pollution and health: Recent advances in air pollution epidemiology to inform the European green deal: A joint workshop report of ERS, WHO, ISEE and HEI (2020)
European Respiratory Journal, 56 (5) - Air Pollution and Systemic Inflammation in Patients With Suspected OSA Living in an Urban Residential Area (2020)
Chest, 158 (4), 1713-1722 - Air pollution health impacts: the knowns and unknowns for reliable global burden calculations (2020)
Cardiovascular Research, - Analysis of black carbon on filters by image-based reflectance (2020)
Atmospheric Environment, 223, 117300 - Associations of outdoor fine particulate air pollution and cardiovascular disease in 157 436 individuals from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study (2020)
The Lancet Planetary Health, 4 (6), e235-e245 - Call for comments: climate and clean air responses to covid-19. (2020)
International journal of public health, - Cardiopulmonary Impact of Particulate Air Pollution in High-Risk Populations: JACC State-of-the-Art Review (2020)
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 76 (24), 2878-2894 - Disease assimilation: The mortality impacts of fine particulate matter on immigrants to Canada (2020)
Health reports, 31 (3), 14-26 - Erratum: Global access to handwashing: Implications for covid-19 control in low-income countries (Environ Health Perspect, 128, 5, 057005, 10.1289/EHP7200) (2020)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 128 (6), 1 - Evaluating the Sensitivity of PM 2.5-Mortality Associations to the Spatial and Temporal Scale of Exposure Assessment (2020)
Epidemiology, 31 (2), 168-176 - Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2020)
The Lancet, 396 (10258), 1135-1159 - Global access to handwashing: implications for COVID-19 control in low-income countries (2020)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 128 (5) - Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2020)
The Lancet, 396 (10258), 1160-1203 - Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2020)
The Lancet, 396 (10258), 1204-1222 - Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (2020)
The Lancet, 396 (10258), 1223-1249 - Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study (2020)
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 76 (25), 2982-3021 - Global Economic Cost of Deaths Attributable to Ambient Air Pollution: Disproportionate Burden on the Ageing Population (2020)
- Global Estimates and Long-Term Trends of Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations (1998-2018). (2020)
Environmental science & technology, - Healthy built environment: Spatial patterns and relationships of multiple exposures and deprivation in Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver (2020)
Environment International, 143 - High-resolution spatiotemporal measurement of air and environmental noise pollution in Sub-Saharan African cities: Pathways to Equitable Health Cities Study protocol for Accra, Ghana (2020)
BMJ Open, 10 (8) - Household and personal air pollution exposure measurements from 120 communities in eight countries: results from the PURE-AIR study (2020)
The Lancet Planetary Health, 4 (10), e451-e462 - Increasing the impact of environmental epidemiology in the global burden of disease project (2020)
Epidemiology, - Land use regression modeling of microscale urban air temperatures in greater Vancouver, Canada (2020)
Urban Climate, 32 - Large global variations in measured airborne metal concentrations driven by anthropogenic sources (2020)
Scientific Reports, 10 (1) - Long-term exposure to outdoor and household air pollution and blood pressure in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study. (2020)
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), - Modifiable risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 155 722 individuals from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study (2020)
The Lancet, 395 (10226), 795-808 - Personal-Level Protective Actions against Particulate Matter Air Pollution Exposure: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association (2020)
Circulation, , 411-431 - Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (2020)
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8 (6), 585-596 - Quiet, clean, green, and active: A Navigation Guide systematic review of the impacts of spatially correlated urban exposures on a range of physical health outcomes. (2020)
Environmental research, - Response to “comment on ‘global access to handwashing: Implications for covid-19 control in low-income countries’” (2020)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 128 (9), 1 - Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study (2020)
Environmental Health, 19 (1) - Sub-daily exposure to fine particulate matter and ambulance dispatches during wildfire seasons: A case-crossover study in British Columbia, Canada (2020)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 128 (6), 1-10 - Supplementary material to "A global anthropogenic emission inventory of atmospheric pollutants from sector- and fuel-specific sources (1970–2017): An application of the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS)" (2020)
- The effect of air pollution on deaths, disease burden, and life expectancy across China and its provinces, 1990–2017: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (2020)
The Lancet Planetary Health, 4 (9), e386-e398 - The risk of survey bias in self-reports vs. actual consumption of clean cooking fuels (2020)
World Development Perspectives, - The role of cities in reducing the cardiovascular impacts of environmental pollution in low- and middle-income countries. (2020)
BMC Medicine, - Using Satellites to Track Indicators of Global Air Pollution and Climate Change Impacts: Lessons Learned From a NASA‐Supported Science‐Stakeholder Collaborative (2020)
GeoHealth, - A picture tells a thousand…exposures: Opportunities and challenges of deep learning image analyses in exposure science and environmental epidemiology (2019)
Environment International, 122, 3--10 - Air Pollution Monitoring for Health Research and Patient Care. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report (2019)
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 16 (10), 1207--1214 - Association of Prenatal Exposure to Air Pollution with Autism Spectrum Disorder (2019)
JAMA Pediatrics, 173 (1), 86-92 - Complex relationships between greenness, air pollution, and mortality in a population-based Canadian cohort (2019)
Environment International, 128, 292--300 - Erratum: Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Di (2019)
The Lancet, 393 (10190), e44 - Estimated Long-Term (1981–2016) Concentrations of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter across North America from Chemical Transport Modeling, Satellite Remote Sensing, and Ground-Based Measurements (2019)
Environmental Science & Technology, 53 (9), 5071--5079 - Evaluation of a method to indirectly adjust for unmeasured covariates in the association between fine particulate matter and mortality (2019)
Environmental Research, 175, 108-116 - Examination of monitoring approaches for ambient air pollution: A case study for India (2019)
Atmospheric Environment, 216, 116940 - Examining the shape of the association between low levels of fine particulate matter and mortality across three cycles of the canadian census health and environment cohort (2019)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 127 (10) - Exposure to natural space, sense of community belonging, and adverse mental health outcomes across an urban region (2019)
Environmental Research, 171, 365--377 - Global, national, and urban burdens of paediatric asthma incidence attributable to ambient NO 2 pollution: estimates from global datasets (2019)
The Lancet Planetary Health, 3 (4), e166-e178 - Health effects of household solid fuel use: Findings from 11 countries within the prospective urban and rural epidemiology study (2019)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 127 (5) - Household, community, sub-national and country-level predictors of primary cooking fuel switching in nine countries from the PURE study (2019)
Environmental Research Letters, 14 (8) - Improving and expanding estimates of the global burden of disease due to environmental health risk factors (2019)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 127 (10), 105001-1-105001-16 - Local variation of PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations within metropolitan Beijing (2019)
Atmospheric Environment, 200, 254--263 - Low concentrations of fine particle air pollution and mortality in the Canadian Community Health Survey cohort (2019)
Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source, 18 (1) - Maternal Exposure to Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Offspring - Reply (2019)
JAMA Pediatrics, 173 (7), 698 - Maternal Metabolic Complications in Pregnancy and Offspring Behavior Problems at 2 Years of Age (2019)
Maternal and Child Health Journal, 23 (6), 746-755 - Modifiers of the effect of short-term variation in PM2.5 on mortality in Beijing, China. (2019)
Environmental research, - Mortality-Air Pollution Associations in Low-Exposure Environments (MAPLE): Phase 1. (2019)
Research report (Health Effects Institute), - No one knows which city has the highest concentration of fine particulate matter (2019)
Atmospheric Environment: X, 3 - Particulate matter-attributable mortality and relationships with carbon dioxide in 250 urban areas worldwide (2019)
Scientific Reports, 9 (1) - Prenatal depression and birth mode sequentially mediate maternal education's influence on infant sleep duration (2019)
Sleep Medicine, 59, 24-32 - Prenatal exposure to traffic-related air pollution, the gestational epigenetic clock, and risk of early-life allergic sensitization (2019)
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 144 (6), 1729-1731.e5 - Residential greenness and increased physical activity in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. (2019)
European journal of preventive cardiology, - The impact of air pollution on deaths, disease burden, and life expectancy across the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (2019)
The Lancet Planetary Health, 3 (1), e26-e39 - Urban greenness extracted from pedestrian video and its relationship with surrounding air temperatures (2019)
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 38, 280--285 - Vertical monitoring of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) in urban street canyons of Hong Kong (2019)
Science of The Total Environment, 670, 696--703 - Advances in multiangle satellite remote sensing of speciated airborne particulate matter and association with adverse health effects: From MISR to MAIA (2018)
Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, 12 (4) - Ambient air pollution and the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescents: a worldwide ecological analysis (2018)
Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health, 11 (7), 755-764 - Ambient PM2.5 Reduces Global and Regional Life Expectancy (2018)
Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 5 (9), 546--551 - Association of exposure to formula in the hospital and subsequent infant feeding practices with gut microbiota and risk of overweight in the first year of life (2018)
JAMA Pediatrics, 172 (7) - Atopic dermatitis: Interaction between genetic variants of GSTP1, TNF, TLR2, and TLR4 and air pollution in early life (2018)
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 29 (6), 596-605 - Born to be Wise: A population registry data linkage protocol to assess the impact of modifiable early-life environmental exposures on the health and development of children (2018)
BMJ Open, 8 (12) - Burden of lower respiratory infections in the Eastern Mediterranean Region between 1990 and 2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study (2018)
International Journal of Public Health, 63, 97-108 - Can Air Quality Management Drive Sustainable Fuels Management at the Temperate Wildland–Urban Interface? (2018)
Fire, - Characterizing exposure to household air pollution within the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study (2018)
Environment International, 114, 307--317 - Corrigendum to “Impact of new rapid transit on physical activity: A meta-analysis” Preventive Medicine Reports 10 (2018) 184–190 (Preventive Medicine Reports (2018) 10 (184–190), (S2211335518300469) (10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.03.008)) (2018)
Preventive Medicine Reports, 11, 312-313 - Data Integration for the Assessment of Population Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution for Global Burden of Disease Assessment (2018)
Environmental Science and Technology, 52 (16), 9069-9078 - Data integration model for air quality: a hierarchical approach to the global estimation of exposures to ambient air pollution (2018)
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics, 67 (1), 231-253 - Diabetes status and susceptibility to the effects of PM2.5 exposure on cardiovascular mortality in a national Canadian cohort (2018)
Epidemiology, 29 (6), 784-794 - Diagnosing atopic dermatitis in infancy: Questionnaire reports vs criteria-based assessment (2018)
Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 32 (6), 556-567 - Effect on blood pressure and eye health symptoms in a climate-financed randomized cookstove intervention study in rural India (2018)
Environmental Research, 166, 658--667 - Elevated blood pressure and household solid fuel use in premenopausal women: Analysis of 12 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 10 countries (2018)
Environmental Research, 160, 499-505 - Estimates of the global burden of ambient PM2:5, ozone, and NO2 on asthma incidence and emergency room visits (2018)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 126 (10) - Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (2018)
The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 18 (11), 1191-1210 - Evaluation of the impact of a public bicycle share program on population bicycling in Vancouver, BC (2018)
Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 176-181 - Global estimates of mortality associated with long-term exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter (2018)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115 (38), 9592--9597 - Global estimation of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from household air pollution (2018)
Environment International, 120, 354--363 - Global household air pollution database: Kitchen concentrations and personal exposures of particulate matter and carbon monoxide (2018)
Data in Brief, 21, 1292-1295 - Global Sources of Fine Particulate Matter: Interpretation of PM2.5 Chemical Composition Observed by SPARTAN using a Global Chemical Transport Model (2018)
Environmental Science and Technology, 52 (20), 11670-11681 - Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Stu (2018)
The Lancet, 392 (10159), 1923-1994 - Impact of air pollution control policies on future PM2.5 concentrations and their source contributions in China (2018)
Journal of Environmental Management, 227, 124-133 - Impact of new rapid transit on physical activity: A meta-analysis (2018)
Preventive Medicine Reports, 10, 184-190 - Integrating travel behavior with land use regression to estimate dynamic air pollution exposure in Hong Kong (2018)
Environment International, 113, 100--108 - Long term exposure to air pollution and mortality in an elderly cohort in Hong Kong (2018)
Environment International, 117, 99--106 - Machine Learning Approach To Estimate Hourly Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter for Urban, Rural, and Remote Populations during Wildfire Seasons (2018)
Environmental Science & Technology, 52 (22), 13239--13249 - Mapping Air Pollution with Google Street View Cars: Efficient Approaches with Mobile Monitoring and Land Use Regression (2018)
Environmental Science & Technology, 52 (21), 12563--12572 - Measuring progress from 1990 to 2017 and projecting attainment to 2030 of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals for 195 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (2018)
The Lancet, 392 (10159), 2091-2138 - Particulate matter exposure and health impacts of urban cyclists: a randomized crossover study (2018)
Environmental Health, 17 (1) - Patterns of allergic sensitization and atopic dermatitis from 1 to 3 years: Effects on allergic diseases (2018)
Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 48 (1), 48-59 - Predicting the atopic march: Results from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development Study (2018)
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 141 (2), 601-607.e8 - Predicting the minimum height of forest fire smoke within the atmosphere using machine learning and data from the CALIPSO satellite (2018)
Remote Sensing of Environment, 206, 98--106 - Quantifying the Contribution to Uncertainty in Mortality Attributed to Household, Ambient, and Joint Exposure to PM2.5 From Residential Solid Fuel Use (2018)
GeoHealth, 2 (1), 25--39 - Residential green space and pathways to term birth weight in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) Study (2018)
International Journal of Health Geographics, 17 (1) - Satellite-Based Land-Use Regression for Continental-Scale Long-Term Ambient PM2.5 Exposure Assessment in Australia (2018)
Environmental Science & Technology, 52 (21), 12445--12455 - Source influence on emission pathways and ambient PM2.5 pollution over India (2015-2050) (2018)
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18 (11), 8017-8039 - The Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium - A protocol for building a national environmental exposure data platform for integrated analyses of urban form and health (2018)
BMC Public Health, 18 (1) - The state of US health, 1990-2016: Burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors among US states (2018)
JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 319 (14), 1444-1472 - Tropospheric ozone assessment report: Global ozone metrics for climate change, human health, and crop/ecosystem research (2018)
Elementa, 6 - A climate policy pathway for near- and long-term benefits (2017)
Science, 356 (6337), 493-494 - A qualitative study of the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of people exposed to diesel exhaust at the workplace in British Columbia, Canada (2017)
PLoS ONE, 12 (8) - Anthropogenic fugitive, combustion and industrial dust is a significant, underrepresented fine particulate matter source in global atmospheric models (2017)
Environmental Research Letters, 12 (4) - Association of long-term exposure to transportation noise and traffic-related air pollution with the incidence of diabetes: A prospective cohort study (2017)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 125 (8) - Associations between fine particulate matter and mortality in the 2001 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (2017)
Environmental Research, 159, 406-415 - Asthma Trajectories in a Population-based Birth Cohort. Impacts of Air Pollution and Greenness (2017)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, - Beyond the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI): Developing a Natural Space Index for population-level health research (2017)
Environmental Research, 159, 474-483 - Biomass burning as a source of ambient fine particulate air pollution and acute myocardial infarction (2017)
Epidemiology, 28 (3), 329-337 - Breastfeeding, maternal asthma and wheezing in the first year of life: A longitudinal birth cohort study (2017)
European Respiratory Journal, 49 (5) - Cesarean section, formula feeding, and infant antibiotic exposure: Separate and combined impacts on gut microbial changes in later infancy (2017)
Frontiers in Pediatrics, 5 - Corrigendum to “Land use regression modelling of air pollution in high density high rise cities: A case study in Hong Kong" [Sci. Total Environ. 592 (2017) 306–315] (S004896971730606X) (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.094) (2017)
Science of the Total Environment, 603-6, 832-833 - Difficult family relationships, residential greenspace, and childhood asthma (2017)
Pediatrics, 139 (4) - Divining the future of air pollution in China: Huge gains in health can be achieved, but much work remains (2017)
Circulation, 136 (17), 1585-1587 - Erratum: Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (The Lancet (2017) 390(10100) (1423–1459) (S01 (2017)
The Lancet, 390 (10106), e38 - Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2015 (2017)
The Lancet, 389 (10082), 1907-1918 - Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory tract infections in 195 countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 (2017)
The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 17 (11), 1133-1161 - Exploring pathways linking greenspace to health: Theoretical and methodological guidance (2017)
Environmental Research, 158, 301-317 - Exposure to household furry pets influences the gut microbiota of infants at 3-4 months following various birth scenarios (2017)
Microbiome, 5 (1) - Genome-wide interaction analysis of air pollution exposure and childhood asthma with functional follow-up (2017)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 195 (10), 1373-1383 - Global Land Use Regression Model for Nitrogen Dioxide Air Pollution (2017)
Environmental Science and Technology, 51 (12), 6957-6964 - Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (2017)
The Lancet, 390 (10100), 1345-1422 - Global, regional, and national deaths, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years, and years lived with disability for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 (2017)
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 5 (9), 691-706 - Healthcare access and quality index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015: A novel analysis from the global burden of disease study 2015 (2017)
The Lancet, 390 (10091), 231-266 - High-Resolution Air Pollution Mapping with Google Street View Cars: Exploiting Big Data (2017)
Environmental Science and Technology, 51 (12), 6999-7008 - Impacts of coal burning on ambient PM2.5 pollution in China (2017)
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17 (7), 4477-4491 - In vivo immune signatures of healthy human pregnancy: Inherently inflammatory or anti-inflammatory? (2017)
PLoS ONE, 12 (6) - Land use regression modelling of air pollution in high density high rise cities: A case study in Hong Kong (2017)
Science of the Total Environment, 592, 306-315 - Long-term fine particulate matter exposure and nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality in a large national cohort of Chinese men (2017)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 125 (11), 117002-1-117002-11 - Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: An analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (2017)
The Lancet, 390 (10100), 1423-1459 - Modes of Infant Feeding and the Risk of Childhood Asthma: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study (2017)
Journal of Pediatrics, 190, 192-199.e2 - Proximity to four bikeway types and neighborhood-level cycling mode share of male and female commuters (2017)
Journal of Transport and Land Use, 10 (1), 695-713 - Systematic identification and prioritization of communities impacted by residential woodsmoke in British Columbia, Canada (2017)
Environmental Pollution, 220, 797-806 - Tackling the health burden of air pollution in South Asia (2017)
BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 359, j5209 - Timing of food introduction and development of food sensitization in a prospective birth cohort (2017)
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 28 (5), 471-477 - Transboundary health impacts of transported global air pollution and international trade (2017)
Nature, 543 (7647), 705-709 - Trends in Chemical Composition of Global and Regional Population-Weighted Fine Particulate Matter Estimated for 25 Years (2017)
Environmental Science and Technology, 51 (19), 11185-11195 - "what We Breathe Impacts Our Health: Improving Understanding of the Link between Air Pollution and Health" (2016)
Environmental Science and Technology, 50 (10), 4895-4904 - Ambient Air Pollution Exposure Estimation for the Global Burden of Disease 2013 (2016)
Environmental Science and Technology, 50 (1), 79-88 - Association between artificially sweetened beverage consumption during pregnancy and infant body mass index (2016)
JAMA Pediatrics, 170 (7), 662-670 - Bike Score®: Associations between urban bikeability and cycling behavior in 24 cities (2016)
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 13 (1) - Critical review of health impacts of wildfire smoke exposure (2016)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 124 (9), 1334-1343 - Effect of diesel exhaust inhalation on blood markers of inflammation and neurotoxicity: A controlled, blinded crossover study (2016)
Inhalation Toxicology, 28 (3), 145-153 - Global Estimates of Fine Particulate Matter using a Combined Geophysical-Statistical Method with Information from Satellites, Models, and Monitors (2016)
Environmental Science and Technology, 50 (7), 3762-3772 - Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 (2016)
The Lancet, 388 (10053), 1659-1724 - Health and Climate-Relevant Pollutant Concentrations from a Carbon-Finance Approved Cookstove Intervention in Rural India (2016)
Environmental Science and Technology, 50 (13), 7228-7238 - Impacts of Coal Burning on Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution in China (2016)
- Infant gut immunity: A preliminary study of IgA associations with breastfeeding (2016)
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 7 (1), 68-72 - Measuring the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: a baseline analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 (2016)
The Lancet, 388 (10053), 1813-1850 - Microscale mobile monitoring of urban air temperature (2016)
Urban Climate, 18, 58-72 - Perinatal air pollution exposure and development of asthma from birth to age 10 years (2016)
European Respiratory Journal, 47 (4), 1062-1071 - PM2.5 Population Exposure in New Delhi Using a Probabilistic Simulation Framework (2016)
Environmental Science and Technology, 50 (6), 3174-3183 - Residential greenness is differentially associated with childhood allergic rhinitis and aeroallergen sensitization in seven birth cohorts (2016)
Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 71 (10), 1461-1471 - Risk estimates of mortality attributed to low concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter in the Canadian community health survey cohort (2016)
Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source, 15 (1) - Socioeconomic differences in nitrogen dioxide ambient air pollution exposure among children in the three largest Canadian cities (2016)
Health Reports, 27 (7), 3-9 - Spatial associations between socioeconomic groups and NO2 air pollution exposure within three large Canadian cities (2016)
Environmental Research, 147, 373-382 - Supplementary material to "Impacts of Coal Burning on Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution in China" (2016)
- The regional impacts of cooking and heating emissions on ambient air quality and disease burden in China (2016)
Environmental Science and Technology, 50 (17), 9416-9423 - Variation in global chemical composition of PM2.5: emerging results from SPARTAN (2016)
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 16 (15), 9629-9653 - A prospective cohort study of road traffic noise effects on diabetes (2015)
INTER-NOISE 2015 - 44th International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, - Addressing Global Mortality from Ambient PM2.5 (2015)
Environmental Science and Technology, 49 (13), 8057-8066 - Air pollution, stroke, and anxiety:Particulate air pollution is an emerging risk factor for an increasing number of common conditions (2015)
BMJ (Online), 350 - Ambient PM2.5, O3, and NO2 exposures and associations with mortality over 16 years of follow-up in the canadian census health and environment cohort (CanCHEC) (2015)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 123 (11), 1180-1186 - Assessment of the magnitude and recent trends in satellite-derived ground-level nitrogen dioxide over North America (2015)
Atmospheric Environment, 118 - Associations between the 17q21 region and allergic rhinitis in 5 birth cohorts (2015)
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 135 (2), 573-576 - Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (2015)
The Lancet, 385 (9963), 117-171 - Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (2015)
The Lancet, 386 (10010), 2287-2323 - Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (2015)
The Lancet, 386 (9995), 743-800 - Greenness and Incident Childhood Asthma: A 10-Year Follow-up in a Population-based Birth Cohort (2015)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 192 (9), 1131--1133 - Greenness and incident childhood asthma: A 10-year follow-up in a population-based birth cohort (2015)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 192 (9), 1131-1133 - Health impacts of anthropogenic biomass burning in the developed world (2015)
European Respiratory Journal, 46 (6), 1577-1588 - Household cooking with solid fuels contributes to ambient PM2.5air pollution and the burden of disease (2015)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 122 (12), 1314-1320 - Infant gut microbiota and food sensitization: Associations in the first year of life (2015)
Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 45 (3), 632-643 - Lung cancer and exposure to nitrogen dioxide and traffic: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2015)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 123 (11), 1107-1112 - Perinatal Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Atopy at 1 Year of Age in a Multi-Center Canadian Birth Cohort Study (2015)
Environmental health perspectives, 123 (9), 902-908 - Response of global particulate-matter-related mortality to changes in local precursor emissions (2015)
Environmental Science and Technology, 49 (7), 4335-4344 - Revealing the hidden health costs embodied in chinese exports (2015)
Environmental Science and Technology, 49 (7), 4381-4388 - SPARTAN: A global network to evaluate and enhance satellite-based estimates of ground-level particulate matter for global health applications (2015)
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8 (1), 505-521 - The Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort study: Assessment of environmental exposures (2015)
Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 25 (6), 580-592 - The Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) study: Examining developmental origins of allergy and asthma (2015)
Thorax, 70 (10), 998-1000 - The impacts of traffic-related and woodsmoke particulate matter on measures of cardiovascular health: A HEPA filter intervention study (2015)
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 72 (6), 394-400 - Within- and between-city contrasts in nitrogen dioxide and mortality in 10 Canadian cities; A subset of the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC) (2015)
Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 25 (5), 482-489 - Air Pollution in the Mega-cities (2014)
Curr Envir Health Rpt, 1 (3), 185--191 - An integrated risk function for estimating the global burden of disease attributable to ambient fine particulate matter exposure (2014)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 122 (4), 397-403 - Associations between bacterial communities of house dust and infant gut (2014)
Environmental Research, 131, 25-30 - Childhood intermittent and persistent rhinitis prevalence and climate and vegetation: A global ecologic analysis (2014)
Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, 113 (4), 386-392.e9 - Commentary (2014)
Epidemiology, 25 (4), 526--527 - Effect of poverty on the relationship between personal exposures and ambient concentrations of air pollutants in Ho Chi Minh City (2014)
Atmospheric Environment, 95, 571-580 - Genes, the environment and personalized medicine: We need to harness both environmental and genetic data to maximize personal and population health (2014)
EMBO Reports, 15 (7), 736-739 - Geographic variation in radon and associated lung cancer risk in Canada (2014)
Canadian Journal of Public Health, 105 (1) - GSTP1 and TNF gene variants and associations between air pollution and incident childhood asthma: The traffic, asthma and genetics (TAG) study (2014)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 122 (4), 418-424 - Identifying the leaders: Applying diffusion of innovation theory to use of a public bikeshare system in Vancouver, Canada (2014)
Transportation Research Record, 2468, 74-83 - Impact of Noise and Air Pollution on Pregnancy Outcomes (2014)
Epidemiology, 25 (3), 351--358 - Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis: A prospective cohort study (2014)
BMJ Open, 4 (4) - Proximity to traffic, Ambient air pollution, And community noise in relation to incident rheumatoid arthritis (2014)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 122 (10), 1075-1080 - Residential Air Pollution and Lung Cancer (2014)
Epidemiology, 25 (1), 159--160 - Residential Greenness and Birth Outcomes: Evaluating the Influence of Spatially Correlated Built-Environment Factors (2014)
Environ Health Perspect, - Use of Satellite Observations for Long-Term Exposure Assessment of Global Concentrations of Fine Particulate Matter (2014)
Environ Health Perspect, - Where there's smoke: Poor air quality is an important contributor to cardiovascular risk (2014)
BMJ (Online), 348 - A Land Use Regression Model for Ultrafine Particles in Vancouver, Canada (2013)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 47 (10), 5217--5225 - A longitudinal analysis of associations between traffic-related air pollution with asthma, allergies and sensitization in the GINIplus and LISaplus birth cohorts (2013)
PeerJ, 2013 (1) - A new exposure metric for traffic-related air pollution? An analysis of determinants of hopanes in settled indoor house dust (2013)
Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source, 12 (1) - Associations of ambient air pollution with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalization and mortality (2013)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 187 (7), 721-727 - Childhood allergic rhinitis, traffic-related air pollution, and variability in the GSTP1, TNF, TLR2, and TLR4 genes: Results from the TAG Study (2013)
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 132 (2) - Evaluation of a Wildfire Smoke Forecasting System as a Tool for Public Health Protection (2013)
Environ Health Perspect, - Glutathione-S-transferase P1, early exposure to mould in relation to respiratory and allergic health outcomes in children from six birth cohorts. A meta-analysis (2013)
Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 68 (3), 339-346 - Long-term Residential Exposure to Air Pollution and Lung Cancer Risk (2013)
Epidemiology, 24 (5), 762--772 - Mapping bikeability: a spatial tool to support sustainable travel (2013)
Environ. Plann. B, 40 (5), 865--883 - Maternal exposure to particulate air pollution and term birth weight: A multi-country evaluation of effect and heterogeneity (2013)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 121 (3), 367-373 - Neighbourhood socioeconomic status and individual lung cancer risk: Evaluating long-term exposure measures and mediating mechanisms (2013)
Social Science and Medicine, 97, 95-103 - Spatiotemporal land use regression models of fine, ultrafine, and black carbon particulate matter in New Delhi, India (2013)
Environmental Science and Technology, 47 (22), 12903-12911 - Temporal stability of land use regression models for traffic-related air pollution (2013)
Atmospheric Environment, 64, 312--319 - Traffic-related air pollution and health in Canada (2013)
CMAJ, 185 (18), 1557-1558 - Traffic-related air pollution is related to interrupter resistance in 4-year-old children (2013)
European Respiratory Journal, 41 (6), 1257-1263 - Traffic, asthma and genetics: Combining international birth cohort data to examine genetics as a mediator of traffic-related air pollution's impact on childhood asthma (2013)
European Journal of Epidemiology, 28 (7), 597-606 - A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (2012)
The Lancet, 380 (9859), 2224-2260 - A Satellite-Based Multi-Pollutant Index of Global Air Quality (2012)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 46 (16), 8523--8524 - Association of long-term exposure to community noise and traffic-related air pollution with coronary heart disease mortality (2012)
American Journal of Epidemiology, 175 (9), 898-906 - Estimated global mortality attributable to smoke from landscape fires (2012)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 120 (5), 695-701 - Exposure assessment for estimation of the global burden of disease attributable to outdoor air pollution (2012)
Environmental Science and Technology, 46 (2), 652-660 - Modeling population exposure to community noise and air pollution in a large metropolitan area (2012)
Environmental Research, 116, 11--16 - Risk of nonaccidental and cardiovascular mortality in relation to long-term exposure to low concentrations of fine particulate matter: A canadian national-level cohort study (2012)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 120 (5), 708-714 - S-027 (2012)
Epidemiology, 23, 1 - S-135 (2012)
Epidemiology, 23, 1 - Satellite-based estimates of ambient air pollution and global variations in childhood asthma prevalence (2012)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 120 (9), 1333-1339 - Spatiotemporal air pollution exposure assessment for a Canadian population-based lung cancer case-control study (2012)
Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source, 11 (1) - Air pollutants and sources associated with health effects (2011)
Air Qual Atmos Health, 5 (2), 151--167 - An air filter intervention study of endothelial function among healthy adults in a woodsmoke-impacted community (2011)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 183 (9), 1222-1230 - An Interactive Route Planner Incorporating Air Pollution and Cycling Determinants to Facilitate and Promote Cycling in Metro Vancouver, Canada (2011)
Epidemiology, 22, S78 - Challenges and Next Steps for Land-use Regression Models (2011)
Epidemiology, 22, S101 - Characterization of valley winter Woodsmoke concentrations in northern NY using highly time-resolved measurements (2011)
Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 11 (5), 519-530 - Combined exposure to dog and indoor pollution: Incident asthma in a high-risk birth cohort (2011)
European Respiratory Journal, 37 (2), 324-330 - Creating national air pollution models for population exposure assessment in Canada (2011)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 119 (8), 1123-1129 - Exposure Assessment for Outdoor Air—A Simulation of Exposure Measurement Error on Health Effect Estimates (2011)
Epidemiology, 22, S201 - Exposure assessment in cohort studies of childhood asthma (2011)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 119 (5), 591-597 - From good intentions to proven interventions: Effectiveness of actions to reduce the health impacts of air pollution (2011)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 119 (1), 29-36 - From the authors (2011)
European Respiratory Journal, 38 (3), 745-746 - GSTP1 polymorphism modifies risk for incident asthma associated with nitrogen dioxide in a high-risk birth cohort (2011)
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 68 (4) - Health Impacts of the Built Environment: Within-Urban Variability in Physical Inactivity, Air Pollution, and Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality (2011)
Environ Health Perspect, 120 (2), 247--253 - Improving health through policies that promote active travel: A review of evidence to support integrated health impact assessment (2011)
Environment International, 37 (4), 766-777 - Long-term exposure to traffic noise and traffic-related air pollution and coronary heart disease mortality (2011)
Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics, 33 1 (PART ), 410-417 - Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and the risk of coronary heart disease hospitalization and mortality (2011)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 119 (4), 501-507 - Long-term Exposure to Traffic-related Air Pollution and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Hospitalization and Mortality (2011)
Epidemiology, 22, S30 - Particulate Matter Source Apportionment: An Overview and Summary of Current Asian Studies (2011)
Epidemiology, 22, S64--S65 - Potential sources of phthalate exposure in a Vancouver birth cohort at three months of age (2011)
12th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate 2011, 4, 2715-2716 - Proximity of public elementary schools to major roads in Canadian urban areas (2011)
International Journal of Health Geographics, 10 - Residential Air Pollution and Otitis Media During the First Two Years of Life (2011)
Epidemiology, 22 (1), 81--89 - Spatial modeling of residential woodsmoke across a non-urban upstate New York region (2011)
Air Qual Atmos Health, 6 (1), 85--94 - The impact of daily mobility on exposure to traffic-related air pollution and health effect estimates (2011)
Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 21 (1), 42-48 - The international collaboration on air pollution and pregnancy outcomes: Initial results (2011)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 119 (7), 1023-1028 - The transferability of NO and NO2 land use regression models between cities and pollutants (2011)
Atmospheric Environment, 45 (2), 369--378 - Three measures of forest fire smoke exposure and their associations with respiratory and cardiovascular health outcomes in a population-based cohort (2011)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 119 (9), 1266-1271 - Traffic Pollution and Cardiovascular Diseases in Greater Vancouver in Association With Small and Medium Scale Socioeconomic Status Indicators (2011)
Epidemiology, 22, S147 - Traffic-related air pollution and dry night cough during the first 8years of life (2011)
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 22 (1 PAR), 85-86 - Traffic-related air pollution and incident asthma in a high-risk birth cohort (2011)
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 68 (4), 291-295 - Within-city Variation in Exposures to Air Pollution and Physical Inactivity (2011)
Epidemiology, 22, S77 - Woodsmoke and Childrenʼs Health: Findings From the Border Air Quality Study (2011)
Epidemiology, 22, S186 - A hybrid approach for predicting pm2.5 exposure: Van donkelaar et al. respond (2010)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 118 (10) - Built Environment Influences on Healthy Transportation Choices: Bicycling versus Driving (2010)
J Urban Health, 87 (6), 969--993 - Changes in Residential Proximity to Road Traffic and the Risk of Death From Coronary Heart Disease (2010)
Epidemiology, 21 (5), 642--649 - Designing a route planner to facilitate and promote cycling in Metro Vancouver, Canada (2010)
Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 44 (7), 495-505 - Effect of early life exposure to air pollution on development of childhood asthma (2010)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 118 (2), 284-290 - Estimation and characterization of children's ambient generated exposure to PM2.5 using sulphate and elemental carbon as tracers (2010)
Atmospheric Environment, 44 (36), 4629-4637 - Global estimates of ambient fine particulate matter concentrations from satellite-based aerosol optical depth: Development and application (2010)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 118 (6), 847-855 - How far out of the way will we travel? Built environment influences on route selection for bicycle and car travel (2010)
Transportation Research Record, (2190), 1-10 - How much, how long, what, and where: Air pollution exposure assessment for epidemiologic studies of respiratory disease (2010)
Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society, 7 (2), 111-115 - Modeling pollution from residential wood combustion (2010)
EM: Air and Waste Management Association's Magazine for Environmental Managers, (MAY), 24-28 - Otitis media incidence and risk factors in a population-based birth cohort (2010)
Paediatrics and Child Health, 15 (7), 437-442 - The spatial distribution of residential wood smoke: Evaluating five communities in central British Columbia (2010)
15th IUAPPA World Clean Air Congress 2010, Presentations, 1, 528-547 - The validity and utility of MODIS data for simple estimation of area burned and aerosols emitted by wildfire events (2010)
International Journal of Wildland Fire, 19 (7), 844-852 - Traffic-related air pollution and the development of asthma and allergies during the first 8 years of life (2010)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 181 (6), 596-603 - Change in Residential Proximity to Traffic and Risk of Death from Coronary Heart Disease (2009)
Epidemiology, 20, S186--S187 - Correlation between co-exposures to noise and air pollution from traffic sources (2009)
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 66 (5), 347-350 - Healthy Neighborhoods: Walkability and Air Pollution (2009)
Environ Health Perspect, 117 (11), 1752--1759 - Influence of ambient air pollutant sources on clinical encounters for infant bronchiolitis (2009)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 180 (10), 995-1001 - Intake Fraction of Urban Wood Smoke (2009)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 43 (13), 4701--4706 - Intercity transferability of land use regression models for estimating ambient concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (2009)
Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 19 (1), 107-117 - Mobile Monitoring of Particle Light Absorption Coefficient in an Urban Area as a Basis for Land Use Regression (2009)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 43 (13), 4672--4678 - Modeling residential fine particulate matter infiltration for exposure assessment (2009)
Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 19 (6), 570-579 - Multi-Pollutant Analysis of Reproductive Outcomes and Air Pollution Using the CMAQ Model (2009)
Epidemiology, 20, S72--S73 - Potential Sources of Phthalate Exposure in a Vancouver, BC Birth Cohort at Three Months of Age (2009)
Epidemiology, 20, S72 - The impact of wood stove technology upgrades on indoor residential air quality (2009)
Atmospheric Environment, 43 (37), 5908--5915 - Three Measures of Forest Fire Smoke Exposure and Their Association with Respiratory and Cardiovascular Physician Visits and Hospital Admissions (2009)
Epidemiology, 20, S82 - Urban Air Pollution and Acute Otitis Media in a Population-Based Birth Cohort (2009)
Epidemiology, 20, S77 - Wood energy: The dangers of combustion (2009)
Science, 324 (5933) - A Cohort Study of Traffic-Related Air Pollution Impacts on Birth Outcomes (2008)
Environ Health Perspect, 116 (5), 680--686 - A source area model incorporating simplified atmospheric dispersion and advection at fine scale for population air pollutant exposure assessment (2008)
Atmospheric Environment, 42 (10), 2394-2404 - An innovative land use regression model incorporating meteorology for exposure analysis (2008)
Science of the Total Environment, 390 (2-3), 520-529 - Chronic Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Stress Interact to Predict Biologic and Clinical Outcomes in Asthma (2008)
Environ Health Perspect, 116 (7), 970--975 - Descriptive epidemiological features of bronchiolitis in a population-based cohort (2008)
Pediatrics, 122 (6), 1196-1203 - Estimating urban morphometry at the neighborhood scale for improvement in modeling long-term average air pollution concentrations (2008)
Atmospheric Environment, 42 (34), 7884-7893 - From measures to models: An evaluation of air pollution exposure assessment for epidemiological studies of pregnant women (2008)
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 65 (9), 579-586 - Infiltration of forest fire and residential wood smoke: An evaluation of air cleaner effectiveness (2008)
Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 18 (5), 503-511 - Meeting report: Atmospheric pollution and human reproduction (2008)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 116 (6), 791-798 - Modeling spatial variability of airborne levoglucosan in Seattle, Washington (2008)
Atmospheric Environment, 42 (22), 5519-5525 - Models of exposure for use in epidemiological studies of air pollution health impacts (2008)
NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security, , 589-604 - Particulate matter exposure along designated bicycle routes in Vancouver, British Columbia (2008)
Science of The Total Environment, 405 (1-3), 26--35 - Predicting personal exposure of pregnant women to traffic-related air pollutants (2008)
Science of The Total Environment, 395 (1), 11--22 - Time–activity patterns of pregnant women and changes during the course of pregnancy (2008)
J Expos Sci Environ Epidemiol, 19 (3), 317--324 - Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Stress: Chen and Brauer Respond (2008)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 116 (9), A377-A377 - Use of MODIS products to simplify and evaluate a forest fire plume dispersion model for PM10 exposure assessment (2008)
Atmospheric Environment, 42 (36), 8524-8532 - Within-urban variability in ambient air pollution: Comparison of estimation methods (2008)
Atmospheric Environment, 42 (6), 1359--1369 - Wood smoke exposure induces a pulmonary and systemic inflammatory response in firefighters (2008)
European Respiratory Journal, 32 (1), 129-138 - A Spatial Model of Urban Winter Woodsmoke Concentrations (2007)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 41 (7), 2429--2436 - Air pollution and development of asthma, allergy and infections in a birth cohort (2007)
European Respiratory Journal, 29 (5), 879-888 - Application of land use regression to estimate long-term concentrations of traffic-related nitrogen oxides and fine particulate matter (2007)
Environmental Science and Technology, 41 (7), 2422-2428 - Spatial modeling for air pollution monitoring network design: Example of residential woodsmoke (2007)
Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 57 (8), 893-900 - Woodsmoke Health Effects: A Review (2007)
Inhalation Toxicology, 19 (1), 67--106 - Estimation of ambient and non-ambient components of particulate matter exposure from a personal monitoring panel study (2006)
J Expos Sci Environ Epidemiol, 16 (3), 264--274 - Population health effects of air quality changes due to forest fires in British Columbia in 2003: Estimates from physician-visit billing data (2006)
Canadian Journal of Public Health, 97 (2), 105-108 - The effect of biomass burning on respiratory symptoms and lung function in rural Mexican women (2006)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 174 (8), 901-905 - Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Otitis Media (2006)
Environ Health Perspect, 114 (9), 1414--1418 - Winter measurements of children's personal exposure and ambient fine particle mass, sulphate and light absorbing components in a northern community (2006)
Atmospheric Environment, 40 (11), 1971--1990 - Air pollution and lung health (2005)
Respiratory medicine: An asian perspective, , 327-345 - Assessing population exposures to motor vehicle exhaust (2005)
Reviews on Environmental Health, 20 (3), 195-214 - Defining exposure science (2005)
Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 15 (6) - Effects of theatrical smokes and fogs on respiratory health in the entertainment industry (2005)
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 47 (5), 411-418 - Exposure to Ambient and Nonambient Components of Particulate Matter (2005)
Epidemiology, 16 (3), 396--405 - Exposure to traffic related air pollutants: Self reported traffic intensity versus GIS modelled exposure (2005)
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62 (8), 517-523 - Exposures to Atmospheric Effects in the Entertainment Industry (2005)
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 2 (5), 277--284 - Small-scale spatial variability of particle concentrations and traffic levels in Montreal: A pilot study (2005)
Science of the Total Environment, 338 (3), 243-251 - A Case-Crossover Analysis of Particulate Air Pollution and Cardiac Arrhythmia in Patients with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (2004)
Inhalation Toxicology, 16 (6-7), 363--372 - A COMPARISON OF HEALTH EFFECTS FROM EXPOSURE TO AMBIENT AND NON-AMBIENT PARTICLES (2004)
Epidemiology, 15 (4), S48 - A field comparison of four fungal aerosol sampling instruments: Inter-sampler calibrations and caveats (2004)
Indoor Air, 14 (5), 367-372 - A field comparison of four samplers for enumerating fungal aerosols I. Sampling characteristics (2004)
Indoor Air, 14 (5), 360-366 - Air Pollution and Cardiac Arrhythmias in Patients with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (2004)
Inhalation Toxicology, 16 (6-7), 353--362 - Assessing exposure to environmental health hazards (2004)
The Lancet, 363 (9425), 2007 - Communicating exposure and health effects results to study subjects, the community and the public: Strategies and challenges (2004)
Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 14 (7), 479-483 - Determinants of exposure to metalworking fluid aerosol in small machine shops (2004)
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 48 (5), 383-391 - Evaluation and a predictive model of airborne fungal concentrations in school classrooms (2004)
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 48 (6), 547-554 - Evaluation and determinants of airborne bacterial concentrations in school classrooms (2004)
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 1 (10), 639-647 - Point-of-sale glass bottle recycling: Indoor airborne exposures and symptoms among employees (2004)
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 61 (7), 628-635 - Spatial variation in nitrogen dioxide in three European areas (2004)
Science of the Total Environment, 332 (1-3), 217-230 - Wood smoke exposure and lung adenocarcinoma in non-smoking Mexican women (2004)
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 8 (3), 377-383 - Air pollution and daily mortality in a city with low levels of pollution. (2003)
Environmental health perspectives, 111 (1), 45-52 - Chronic exposure to high levels of particulate air pollution and small airway remodeling (2003)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 111 (5), 714-718 - Commentary: Health review committee (2003)
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health - Part A, 66 (16-19), 1655-1687 - Comparison between different traffic-related particle indicators: Elemental carbon (EC), PM2.5 mass, and absorbance (2003)
Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 13 (2), 134-143 - Estimating lonq-term average particulate air pollution concentrations: Application of traffic indicators and geographic information systems (2003)
Epidemiology, 14 (2), 228-239 - Accessible tools for classification of exposure to particles (2002)
Chemosphere, 49 (9), 1151-1162 - Air pollution from traffic and the development of respiratory infections and asthmatic and allergic symptoms in children (2002)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 166 (8), 1092-1098 - Exposure misclassification and threshold concentrations in time series analyses of air pollution health effects (2002)
Risk Analysis, 22 (6), 1183-1193 - Exposures and Their Determinants in Radiographic Film Processing (2002)
AIHA Journal, 63 (1), 11--21 - Policy uses of particulate exposure estimates (2002)
Chemosphere, 49 (9), 947-959 - Spatial variability of fine particle concentrations in three European areas (2002)
Atmospheric Environment, 36 (25), 4077-4088 - Air Pollution and Retained Particles in the Lung (2001)
Environ Health Perspect, 109 (10), 1039--1043 - Air quality in postunification Erfurt, East Germany: Associating changes in pollutant concentrations with changes in emissions (2001)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 109 (4), 325-333 - Exposure of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients to particles: Respiratory and cardiovascular health effects (2001)
Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 11 (6), 490-500 - Ambient Atmospheric Particles in the Airways of Human Lungs (2000)
Ultrastruct Pathol, 24 (6), 353--361 - Assessment of indoor fine aerosol contributions from environmental tobacco smoke and cooking with a portable nephelometer (2000)
Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 10 (2), 136-144 - Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Restaurants (2000)
Environmental Tobacco Smoke, , 279--287 - Environmental tobacco smoke in restaurants: Exposures and health effects (2000)
Environmental Tobacco Smoke, , 279-288 - Exposure of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients to particulate matter: Relationships between personal and ambient air concentrations (2000)
Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 50 (7), 1081-1094 - Personal exposure to particles in Banska Bystrica, Slovakia (2000)
Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 10 (5), 478-487 - 3.0.co;2-r" target="_blank">Health effects of photochemical smog: seasonal and acute lung function change in outdoor workers (1999)
J. Environ. Med., 1 (3), 163--170 - Monitoring personal fine particle exposure with a particle counter (1999)
Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 9 (3), 228-236 - Fires in Indonesia: Crisis and reaction (1998)
Environmental Science and Technology, 32 (17) - Kiln emissions and potters' exposures (1998)
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 59 (10), 706-714 - Kiln Emissions and Potters' Exposures (1998)
AIHA Journal, 59 (10), 706--714 - 2.0.co;2" target="_blank">Kiln Emissions and Pottersʼ Exposures (1998)
AIHAJ, 59 (10), 706--714 - Peer Reviewed: Fires in Indonesia: Crisis and Reaction (1998)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 32 (17), 404A--407A - Restaurant smoking restrictions and environmental tobacco smoke exposure (1998)
American Journal of Public Health, 88 (12), 1834-1836 - Spatial variability of acidic aerosols, sulfate and PM10 in Erfurt, Eastern Germany (1998)
Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 8 (4), 447-464 - Analysis of Nicotine and Cotinine in the Hair of Hospitality Workers Exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (1997)
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 39 (10), 946--948 - Contribution to the problem of contamination of the indoor environment in covered winter stadiums,PRISPEVOK K PROBLEMATIKE ZNECISTENIA VNUTORNEHO OVZDUSIA KRYTYCH ZIMNYCH STADIONOV (1997)
Hygiena, 42 (1), 15-26 - Human lung parenchyma retains PM2.5 (1997)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 155 (6), 2109-2111 - Improved ice arena air quality with the use of a three-way catalytic converter and fuel management system (1997)
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 58 (8), 608-612 - Nitrogen Dioxide in Indoor Ice Skating Facilities: An International Survey (1997)
Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 47 (10), 1095-1102 - Ozone personal exposures and health effects for selected groups residing in the Fraser Valley (1997)
Atmospheric Environment, 31 (14), 2113--2121 - Assessment of Particulate Concentrations from Domestic Biomass Combustion in Rural Mexico (1996)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 30 (1), 104--109 - Effect of ambient ozone exposure on lung function in farm workers (1996)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 154 (4 I), 981-987 - Gas stoves and respiratory health (1996)
The Lancet, 347 (8999), 412 - Ozone enhances the uptake of mineral particles by tracheobronchial epithelial cells in organ culture (1996)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 153 (4), 1230-1233 - Assessment of indoor aerosols with an integrating nephelometer (1995)
Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 5 (1), 45-56 - Determination of acidic sulfate aerosols in urban atmospheres in Erfurt (F.R.G.) and Sokolov (Former C.S.S.R.) (1995)
Atmospheric Environment, 29 (23), 3545-3557 - Effects of nitrous acid exposure on human mucous membranes (1995)
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 151 (5), 1504-1511 - Measurement of Acidic Aerosol Species in Eastern Europe: Implications for Air Pollution Epidemiology (1995)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 103 (5), 482 - Personal and Fixed-Site Ozone Measurements with a Passive Sampler (1995)
Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 45 (7), 529--537 - Nitrogen dioxide exposures inside ice skating rinks (1994)
American Journal of Public Health, 84 (3), 429-433 - Air pollutant exposures inside ice hockey rinks: exposure assessment and reduction strategies (1993)
ASTM Special Technical Publication, (1212), 142-156 - Nitrous Acid Formation in an Experimental Exposure Chamber (1993)
Indoor Air, 3 (2), 94-105 - Nitrous acid in Albuquerque, New Mexico, homes (1993)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 27 (5), 841--845 - Indoor ozone and nitrogen dioxide: A potential pathway to the generation of nitrate radicals, dinitrogen pentaoxide, and nitric acid indoors (1992)
Environmental Science and Technology, 26 (1), 179-184 - Indoor ozone and nitrogen dioxide: a potential pathway to the generation of nitrate radicals, dinitrogen pentoxide, and nitric acid indoors (1992)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 26 (1), 179--184 - Indoor and outdoor concentrations of inorganic acidic aerosols and gases (1991)
Journal - Air & Waste Management Association, 41 (2), 171-181 - Indoor exposures to fine aerosols and acid gases (1991)
Environmental Health Perspectives, 95, 23-28 - Acid air and health (1990)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 24 (7), 946--956 - Design of a glass impactor for an annular denuder/filter pack system (1990)
Aerosol Science and Technology, 12 (3), 607-612 - Measurements of nitrous acid inside two research houses (1990)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 24 (10), 1521--1527 - Evaluation of the gas collection of an annular denuder system under simulated atmospheric conditions (1989)
Atmospheric Environment (1967), 23 (9), 1981--1986 - Personal exposures to acidic aerosols and gases (1989)
Environ. Sci. Technol., 23 (11), 1408--1412 - Evaluation of an Annular Denuder/Filter Pack System to Collect Acidic Aerosols and Gases (1988)
Environmental Science and Technology, 22 (12), 1463-1468 - The DNA sequence of the AspC gene of E. coli coding for aspartate aminotransferase (1985)
Federation Proceedings, 44 (4)
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